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Normal waves EEG during sleep Artifacts Abnormal EEG Epilepsy syndromes

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Founder: Martin Herklots, MD Neurologist resident, ETZ hospital, Tilburg The Netherlands

Normal EEG Normal waves Alpha rhythm Beta rhythm Delta waves Theta rhythm Mu rhythm Lambda waves Normal variants Rhythmic patterns Normal slowing during hyperventilation RMTD (rhythmic midtemporal theta burst of drowsiness) SREDA (subclinical rhythmic electrographic discharges in adults) Midline theta rhythm (Ciganek) Frontal arousal rhythm Slow alpha variant Fast alpha variant Epileptiform like patterns Small sharp spikes (SSS or BETS) Wicket spikes 6 Hz spike-and-wave bursts (WHAM and FOLD) 14 & 6 Hz positive bursts 4 Hz vertex rhythm Breach rhythm Sleep EEG during sleep Sleep overview Non-REM 1 Non-REM 2 Non-REM 3 REM sleep POSTS (Positive occipital sharp transients of sleep) K complex Vertex waves Artifacts Different kinds of artifacts Eye blink artifact Eye movements artifact Muscle artifact ECG artifact Pulse artifact Breathing artifact Sweat artifact

Abnormal EEG Epileptiform: Spikes and sharp waves Spike slow wave complex Sharp wave slow wave complex Polyspikes slow wave complex Photoparoxysmal response Status epilepticus Abnormalities associated with epilepsy LPD (lateralized periodic discharges) BIPD (Bilateral independent periodic discharges) TIRDA (temporal intermittent rhythmic delta activity) OIRDA (occipital intermittent rhythmic delta activity) GPD (Generalized periodic discharges) Encephalopathic FIRDA (frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity) Focal abnormalities Zeta waves

Epilepsy syndromes The clinic and EEG abnormalities of epilepsy syndromes Childhood Absence Epilepsy CSWS (Continuous spike and wave during slow wave sleep) Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy Landau Kleffner Syndrome (LKS) Panayiotopoulos Syndrome West Syndrome EEG of the Month Click here for the correct answer Previous EEG of the month

Contributors

Martin Herklots, MD
Neurologist resident, ETZ hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
Founder and author
Geert Brekelmans, MD, PhD
Neurologist, ETZ hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
Author and EEG examples
Bas Jongbloed, MD
Neurologist resident, ETZ hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
Author