4 Hz vertex rhythm

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Synonyme: 4 Hz Vertex spindles

  • Trains of rhythmic waves 3.5-4.5Hz (mean 4Hz)
  • Duration: 2.5sec
  • Localisation: Cz
  • Triangular appearance with an amplitude of around 40uV
  • Seen during wakefulness
  • NOT seen during drowsiness, sleep
  • Adolescents & young adults
  • Association with vasomotor instability/syncope reported by some authors


4 Hz vertex rhythm during 2 seconds (source) 4 Hz vertex rhythm (source) eegpedia.png


4Hz vertex rhythm during 2-3 seconds (source) 4 Hz vertex rhythm (source) 2.png

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